Forms and Classification of Online Business - 1729 Words

Forms and classification of online business According to (Adam, Z.R.), the major different types of e-commerce (B2B) Business-to Business, (B2C) Business-to-Consumer, (B2G) Business-to-Government, (C2C) Consumer-to-Consumer and M-commerce which is mobile commerce. Business-to-business is simply e-commerce that is present between two businesses. It is said that it is the fastest growing type of e-commerce, much faster than B2C. It is a type of e-commerce wherein two businesses transact with each other online. About 80% of online businesses are of B2B type. Business-to-consumer is e-commerce between companies and consumers. It is the second largest in growth and numbers among the types of E-commerce. It basically is interactions†¦show more content†¦This requires a higher investment compared to other business models since additional cost through shipping products, payment processing, customer service and etc are accumulated. Creating a website for online business According to Poo (2008), in creating one’s website for business purposes, the first step is to determine one’s goals on what will one use the site for? Is it for retailing or purely marketing website? These are some things that need pondering before designing a website to make it an effective website. By brainstorming and finding out the main goals, determining the genre of the website is the next step. This will determine the pros and cons of the website. There are four genres of websites which are the sales or retailing, marketing, information and a web-based application. Poo (2008) describes that retailing or sales website it focuses much on a lot of pictures, sporadic text on product descriptions and these sites are very user friendly and easy to navigate. However, one disadvantage of retail websites is that they are not usually recognized by search engines and one way of counteracting that and bringing in traffic is making use of affiliate programs. Marketing websites compared to retailing websites is that it is designed to sell a product and one product only. Marketing website is very easy to design which feature mostly text and a few images. What is greatShow MoreRelatedStereotyping in Marketing: Good or Bad?1413 Words   |  6 Pagesgroup. You and the team leader exchange business cards. You ask for his cell phone number. Before jotting it down you grab a yellow sticky note to write the number on, you know not to write it directly onto the card. How did you know that it is a proven marketing fact that Asians love the scent of orange? Or that they prefer a team work atmosphere to working alone? Or that to write on an Asians business card is deemed disrespectful? Or that bowing is their form of hand shake? All of these details areRead MoreE Commerce And Its Impact On Waste Management765 Words   |  4 Pagese-commerce limited the confidence of companies in terms of Internet-based business integration (Prasad et al., 2000) . The research by Quayle (2002) revealed that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the UK would generally focus on waste management rather than adopting e-commerce. Moreover, some critics even predicted an imminent collapse of e-commerce (Wallace, 2000). Surprisingly for the oppositionists, wide use of e-business initiatives has proved its impact on waste management with the adaptionRead MoreGeneral Contractor Licensing For Virginia953 Words   |  4 Pagesyou plan to undertake. The board will determine what caps are placed upon your business accordingly. Local laws for specific cities and counties may also apply. What Kind of License to Get? There are three distinct license classifications in the state of Virginia depending on which criteria your company meets. You must apply for the classification that best suits your business, as well as a specialty classification that notifies the board which specific type of contracting work your company specializesRead MoreDesigning A Technical Report For An Expanding Software House Named Softspot Essay719 Words   |  3 Pagesextending their business into the mobile technology. Although the company have experience in developing conventional desktop applications they are aware that the future of the industry is mobile and they require help in order to move into the mobile market. Review of the company brief Opportunities for mobile application development: As the mobile application market is continually growing both in the enterprise and consumer there are many opportunities for a company like Softspot. The business marked currentlyRead MoreBackground into Social Media790 Words   |  3 PagesThe concept of social media is defined and explained. Then, we will talk about blogs, the effect of bloggers on the fashion industry and the last part of this chapter is related to consumer behavior. Social media are the online means of communication, conveyance, collaboration, and cultivation among interconnected and interdependent networks of people, communities, and organizations enhanced by technological capabilities and mobility. Like traditional media, social media include several channelsRead MoreCyber Crime And Criminal Justice1420 Words   |  6 Pagesused in the commission of a crime, or it may be a target. The Internet has turned into the hotspot for various sorts of wrongdoing and distinctive approaches to perform these violations. The most common cyber crimes are hacking, illegal or prohibited online content, cyber stalking, identity theft, attacks on computers, child soliciting and abuse. Hacking is any sort of wrongdoing wherein an individual computer is broken into so that his own or delicate data can be accessed. Hacking is a serious offenseRead MoreThe Labor Market Of The Labour Market1403 Words   |  6 Pagesbe in the business marketing sector such as Commercial Marketing and will be analysing the labour market within marketing and distinguish what the influences change in the labour market concerning marketing. Location of the job would preferably in the London districts mostly central London. Current labour market trends have to be thoroughly and constantly analysed to get a perspective on how they affect the labour supply and demand on certain areas such as marketing and other business sectors yearlyRead MoreTechnical Features Of Social Media Marketing1417 Words   |  6 PagesFeatures related to Social Media Marketing Another key metric for small business owners to analyze is source or referral data. Traffic source data provides the web marketing with an in-depth look at the variety of ways users arrived at your business website. There are four main source metrics an analytics user can investigate. The first is direct traffic. This displays the volume of users who directly accessed the business website either through typing the domain name into their browser, from aRead MoreBusiness Systems And Process / Operations Management1646 Words   |  7 PagesBSS001-2 Business Systems and Process/Operations Management ASSIGNMENT – INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT (Databases) I. A Database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can be easily accessed, updated and managed. Databases can be classified in order to the type of the content: full-text, bibliographic, images and numeric. For any organisation a database in needed to track information about people, clients, including people who support or who might support their programs and servicesRead MoreNotes On Web Usage Mining1615 Words   |  7 Pagesdivided into 3 phases. 2.1.1 Usage Preprocessing Referral logs, index server logs, Web server logs etc, can be considered as input for usage preprocessing phase. Output of this phase would be either transaction file, user session file or page classifications. The usage preprocessing probably is the most difficult task in the Web Usage Mining processing due to the incompleteness of the available data [5]. The session identification is also a part of the usage preprocessing. The goal of it is to divide

Overloading in C, C++ and C# Definition

Function overloading allows functions in computer languages such as C, C, and C# to have the same name with different parameters. Operator overloading allows operators to work in the same manner. In C#, method overloading works with two methods that accomplish the same thing but have different types or numbers of parameters. An Example of Function Overloading Rather than have a differently named function to sort each type of array, such as: You can use the same name with different parameter types as shown here: The compiler is then able to call the appropriate function depending on the parameter type. Overload resolution is the term given to the process of selecting the appropriate overload function.   Operator Overloading Similar to function overloading, operator overloading allows programmers to redefine operators such as , - and *. For example, in a class for complex numbers where each number has a real and imaginary part, overloaded operators allow code such as this to work: As long as is overloaded for the type complex. Advantages of Overloading When Writing Code You end up with code that is easier to readOverloading is convenient and intuitiveAvoids clunky syntax  Consistency in naming and notationWorks well in templates and other constructs when you dont know the variable type at the time you are writing the code.

Inspiration and Manipulation Essay - 2655 Words

Inspiration and Manipulation Emily Dickinson is a poet of great interest because she is one of a handful of artists that â€Å"refuse to conform to the Anglo-American literary traditions† (Howe 11). One of the most fascinating aspects of Emily Dickinson’s character is that she willingly shuts her door to the world which ultimately allows her creativity to thrive without criticism. While historical documents allow contemporary readers insight into her life and provide potential reasons for her seclusion, but the best reflection of Dickinson’s character is found in her poetry. Dickinson’s poetry creates a paradox because her intentions are only seen through her critics. This makes it difficult to fully understand what Dickinson really meant†¦show more content†¦The reader must understand that Dickinson was surrounded by other poets that thought, as Wallace Stevens once stated, â€Å"Poetry is a Scholar’s art† (15). Then, Dickinson migh t ask, â€Å"What is a scholar?† Well, she could tell you how they would define it. A scholar is a male, a scholar is powerful, and a scholar is not Emily Dickinson. Why then do not all people question this definition as Dickinson does? In 1864, Dickinson wrote this poem: This Chasm, Sweet, upon my life I mention it to you, When Sunrise through a fissure drop The Day must follow too. If we demur, it’s gaping sides Disclose as ‘twere a Tomb Ourself am lying straight within The favorite of Doom When it has just contained a Life Then, Darling, it will close And yet so bolder every Day So turbulent it grows I’m tempted half to stitch it up With a remaining Breath I should not miss in yielding, though To Him, it would be Death – And so I bear it big about My Burial – before A Life quite ready to depart Can harass me no more – (Howe 16) In this poem, definitions slip silently into alternative positions, redefining and allowing the mind to meander like water over slick rocks. Susan Howe compares and contrasts Dickinson’s actual social surroundings to how Dickinson chose to view them, questioning: â€Å"In 1864 was marriage Epithalamion or entrapment? Is Death a soothing mother or a mastiff-father? Is AweShow MoreRelatedArt, America And Jumping Off The Cliff1597 Words   |  7 PagesAbout Art, America And Jumping Off The Cliff† is an article written by Meredith Monk. Within this article she touches on topics such as the following: Be ready for your next inspiration, when you don’t know something it’s easier to manipulate it and Jumping off the cliff, etc. For starters, â€Å"Be ready for your next inspiration† literally means to be prepared for your next adventure. Secondly, Monk says. â€Å"When you don’t know something it’s easier to manipulate it† si gnifies the fact that people willRead More Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God Essay940 Words   |  4 PagesEdwardss source of inspiration and guidance is the Bible. His understanding of this cornerstone of New England society enables him to reinforce a persuasive dissertation with biblical quotes and passages; however, not all the quotes cited by Edwards support his interpretations exclusively. Often Edwards uses parts or sections of biblical verse rather than complete text because too much information might diminish the importance of his primary intent. These instances of manipulation occur in the doctrinalRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Stephen King983 Words   |  4 PagesStephen King, creator of such stories as Carrie and Pet Sematary, stated that the Edgar Allan Poe stories he read as a child gave him the inspiration and instruction he needed to become the writer that he is. 2Poe, as does Stephen King, fills the reader s imagination with the images that he wishes the re ader to see, hear, and feel. 3His use of vivid, concrete visual imagery to present both static and dynamic settings and to describe people is part of his technique. 4Poe s short story The Tell-TaleRead MoreLeadership, Inspiration And Motivation1928 Words   |  8 PagesInspiration is one of the key factors used by the leaders to motivate the employees. The book Start With Why explains that leaders who have the capability to lead has capabilities into them naturally. They have the confidence in themselves which they show in front of the world. Many people come forward as a leader, but only few of them can lead and show others the right path. The chapters in the book talks about leadership, inspiration and motivation. The book starts with how can anyone be a leaderRead MoreOscar Wide s The Picture Of Dorian Gray914 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluence him. Your influence would be bad. (Wilde pg 16)†, demonstrates Basil’s protectiveness in trying to preserve Dorian’s innocence. However, his protective attitude is brought up due to obsession and attraction towards Dorian as his sole inspiration. Basil displays this quality when he quotes â€Å"Because, without intending it, I have put into it some expression of all this curious artistic idolatry† (Wilde pg.14) when Lord Henry asks why Basil is reluctant to exhibit his artwork. This entailsRead MoreAnalysis Of Yevgeny Zamyatin s The Motif Of Imagination 1264 Words   |  6 Pagesimportance of imagination and free thought, developing the audience’s understanding of the limits of happiness under the rule of a totalitarian society seen through the eyes of D-503. The motif of imagination is seen within the novel through Zamyatin’s manipulation of D-503’s perception of his world, specifically his auditory perception and his description through mathematical diction, critiquing the oppressive totalitarian society. Throughout the novel, Zamyatin establishes the limits of the coexistenceRead MoreEvaluation Of A Business Project Essay1592 Words   |  7 Pagesthe output be constrained to two-dimensional visualizations? It may be that certain data structures are more clearly elucidated in three dimensional space. Additionally, should the visualized output itself be allowed to be manipulated such that manipulations on it reflect themselves on the code? This would complicate the mechanisms of the project, but would serve to better reenforce students’ understanding. Finally, the granularity of interaction needs to be considered. As there is no actual thingRead MorePhotographic Images Hanging On The Gallery Wall1527 Words   |  7 Pages ‘David Hockney’s struggle with perspective and image is intimately related to the perpetual conflict between art and architecture. Architecture, a subject or model for art, even a source of inspiration is anchored in the real, and may only on very rare occasions attain the kind of sublimation of space and life that is accessible to art. Hockney’s fascination with the relationship betweenRead MoreThe Catholic Church944 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluences of the Catholic religion and Pope Francis. This very aspect for indefatigable individuals like myself that are nonjudgmental upon others. For this reason, I am going to attack Pope Francis indirectly, and the Catholic Church directly. My inspiration for this attack came for the film The Patriot, directed by Roland Emmerich. In this film, Colonel Tavington, seeking the location of the rebels, gathered the entire town of Pembroke into the church. After much hesitation, he got the informationRead More The Perversion of Religion Essays522 Words   |  3 Pagescreated in a Gods image, what populates holy writings and artwork more than images of holy figures rendered in mans image? (Perhaps only as a function of mankinds limited imagination, but nonetheless an inspiration towards higher goals, no?) To see jaded, self-serving or megalomaniacal manipulations of one of humankinds purest impulses really deeply offends me. Its like using the Mona Lisa in a McDonalds commercial. Its the ultimate hypocrisy. To see someone claim belief in the loving ideals

Writing As A Tool That Everyone Can Benefit From Good...

I have become to notice, through my English 1101 class, that writing well is a tool that everyone can benefit from. Good writers will tell of an occasion in which their talent has earned them advancement; an advancement that comes to play not only in the job market but also for personal satisfaction. Fortunately, writing is a skill that can be practiced to a point at which near flawlessness is reached. The many sides of writing can seem quite overwhelming to the novice, like myself. The aspect of writing that most people are unaware of is the fact that it is actually broken down into just a few basic principles. Those principles are, be clear, be yourself, have correct grammar, have style, and practice. Before I began college I did not like writing. I believed writing was intended for authors and law makers. I also believed that writing should not be taught. Those beliefs were so wrong, thankfully I soon realized the importance of writing. Writing is a form of communication that can take everyone too many places. I want to be truthful, for me, writing was frustrating before I began college. Many times I had trouble writing about anything. The main reason why I had so much trouble when writing, was because I did not concentrate on my work enough. Even when I tried my hardest to concentrate, my mind seemed to wonder around to different directions towards other thoughts. After my thoughts wondered, I forgot all about my work and just thought about various things such asShow MoreRelatedWriting As A Good Writer967 Words   |  4 PagesWriting is something that we use every day to convey our thoughts or ideas to people. It can be something as simple as taking notes in class or writing a resume for a future employer. You may not be writing to always give your work to someone else but even learning the proper way to take notes for yourself is a helpful tool to becoming a better writer. It also allows you to obtain the information more than once. The thing that I find to be most important in writing is to learn and understand newRead MoreThe Discourse Of Your Writing1306 Words   |  6 PagesWriters always have a way of â€Å"faking it until you make it† as Bartholomae says but there is a whole other side to this using rhetoric. Using rhetoric will help aid your writing and will connect with all academia of any kind in any setting that will come toward you. To connect with the academy you will have to know you have to pretend to be the most credible source to your readers. You will also have to see the certain situation you are in and the specific audience that it’s towards. Writers haveRead More Your Writing Style Essay1536 Words   |  7 PagesYour Writing Style How can one person know what good style is when writing a paper? Where is it written that we as students should have to follow specific guidelines while writing? Anyone wanting to make their writing clear, precise, and simply correct will usually try following some type of guideline, or book in order to perfect their own writing style. After reading both The Elements of Style by Strunk and White, and also Williams’s Style toward Clarity and Grace I can see whyRead MoreEssay on Effective Writing Is Important502 Words   |  3 Pages Effective Writing is Important I have become to notice, through my coursework, that writing well is a tool that everyone can benefit from. Good writers will tell of many an occasion in which their talent has earned them advancement; an advancement that comes to play not only in the job market but also for personal gratification. Fortunately, writing is a skill that can be both taught and practiced to a point at which virtual perfection is reached. The many facets of writing can seem quite overwhelmingRead MoreMy First Semester Of Senior Year800 Words   |  4 Pagesthis course, I was nervous after asking everyone what it was like and truthfully not ever getting any positive feedback. Writing has always been something I have struggled with. Confidence is a major problem for me, and it always has been, even in sports. I would always overthink something and stress myself out until I was just ready to give up. My expectations for this class was that I was not ever going to understand what I was writing about and my writings were not going to be understandable. AlthoughRead MorePeople With Strong Time Management Skills Make More Money1034 Words   |  5 PagesPeople with strong time management skills make more money and get more done than people who don’t have them. Good time managers prioritize their time in order to get their most important tasks done on or before the deadline. As a bonus, people with good time management skills also tend to have more free time in the long run. They do the 20% of the tasks that get them 80% of the results. This leaves time for other matters. If you’d like to manage your time better, here’s what you need to know. WhatRead MoreThe Experience Of Writing : My Experience In Writing851 Words   |  4 PagesWriting is a tool that we have all been using in one capacity or another since we were probably kids. I remember as a youngster when I could not express how I felt about a particular issue I was told to write it down so I can make more sense of my feelings. Those are my first experiences with writing and where my relationship started develop. As Ive gotten older, I have learned to really Express my feelings rather good or bad in my writing. This is where I fell in love with it. The fact that itRead MoreBusiness Communication Trends1664 Words   |  7 Pages BUSINESS COMMUNICATION TRENDS More often than not, business depends on communication. A good communication trend enhances understanding in businesses. People must communicate to plan products and services; hire, train, and motivate workers; coordinate manufacturing and delivery; persuade customers to buy; and bill them for the sale. In every organization, communication is the way people get their points across and get work done. Business communication helps organizations and the peopleRead MoreExercise : Exercise And Exercise Essay1434 Words   |  6 PagesWe are all aware that exercise helps you physically. A big portion of us are ignorant to the fact that exercise can help you mentally as well. I say ignorant because well all know that exercise is physically helpful, but are unaware that it also helps us in our everyday thinking. Exercise helps us release stress, which helps us be calm and make wiser decisions without overthinking any situation. Many of us, or if not all of us, have experienced or are experiencing stress of some sort. Instead ofRead More Compare and contrast the poems The Tyger and The Donkey and Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pagesa wealthy, upper-class writer who separates himself from the rest of the wealthy community. Blake has a hate for the techniques used by many of the wealthy, company owners who gain and capitalise through cheap and expendable labour, supplied by the ever-growing poverty in the country. Blake makes a point to try and reveal this industrial savagery through his work. The Tyger is presented as a metaphorical approach to the struggle between the rich and the poor; good and evil. The several references

Advertisement Research Plan-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Advertisement Research Plan. Answer: A research team will be made that will comprise of marketing executive and three staffs from the research and development team that will conduct the market research, like surveys and interview. For analyzing the findings two staffs will be kept in the team. Thee time for the advertisement research plan has been kept $20,000. The duration for the activities for the research plan has been kept as six months. The first activity that will be carried out under this advertising research plan would be conducting a pretest for finding out the effectiveness of the marketing research campaign. The methods that would be used for conducting the pretest would be surveys, interviews and attitude test. The time taken for the pre-tests would be 3 months. The platform used for the advertisement campaign would be both in print media and the electronic media. Initially the advertising campaign will not be done in television because a lot of cost will be included in organizing a campaign in In the first month of the advertising research plan the survey will be conducted. For conducting the survey the potential buyers would be approached for taking their opinions. Since it is a very big marketing research the sample size for the survey would be 100. 100 respondents will be surveyed to know their opinions regarding the effectiveness of the advertising campaign. These customers, the respondents for this marketing campaign would be sports professionals, sports enthusiasts and young people who like wearing sports costumes. The respondents will be given communicated. After that, they will be given questionnaires that will be closed ended where the respondents will give their responses. The second pretest will be conducted in the second month of the period. The second pretest to examine the effectiveness of the advertisement campaign would be an interview of the total 10 respondents. The sample size of the respondents has been taken 10 because this campaign is a very big campaign. In this particular pretest, the interviews of some of the famous local coaches will be conducted to know their views regarding the sports clothes advertising campaign. In this campaign, they will be given questionnaires with open-ended questions, because this will be a detailed interview that will aim at knowing what influences the sports persons and enthusiast towards buying particular sports related goods. In the third month the third pre test activity will be conducted that will be attitude test of the customers. In the third activity, the advertisers find out the reaction of the audiences. The advertisements will be shown to the audience and the attitude towards the advertisement will be judged. If the attitude of the customers towards that particular campaign is positive it clearly means that the customers like the campaign and it can be launched. In the fourth month, the analysis of the test results will be done by the use of statistical tools like Chi-square test and Anova test. In the fifth month after the analysis of the result the advertising campaign will be launched and as per the preferences of the customers and the findings from the pre-test, the campaign will be launched.

Analytical Hierarchy Process Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Analytical Hierarchy Process Or AHP. Answer: Introduction One of the most important functions of any customer is based on selection of contractor while constructing the building. It goes without saying that right method to focus on the best man in the industry will impact the finish line of the project (Al-Harbi, 2001). The study will help in evaluating the usage of the concept called Analytical hierarchy process also called as AHP as main decision making model for selection of contractor. Literature review The selection of contractor as per many authors is based on so many categories of decision making issues. There are number of models along with utility based theory and performance modeling that has been developed for the qualification of contractor or selection in the end. The model of AHP can be defined as decision making method that was primarily developed by the author called Saaty. The tool measures the qualified level of priorities of present set of option. This is measured on a particular scaling form which relies on the judgment who will take decision (Aminbakhsh et al, 2013). The process basically focuses on the significance of the present intuitive systems of judgment of the person who takes decision and high level of consistency. This is mainly related to the decisions that are made with respect to the other methods and the procedures (Al-Harbi, 2001). The overall approach of AHP is becoming popular mainly because of the simple structure and effective executions steps. The AHP technique has been to focus on the qualifications with the contractors that are for determining the different details of the project, as a whole. Following are six criteria to choose the structure of hierarchy: - Capacity in terms of finances Past performance Past experience of contractor Resources used by contractor Present workload Safety based performance All such kind of criteria can be tested with a goal which is based on selecting the most qualified and capable contractor for the contract. Conclusion The so many criteria based selection procedure that can be executed inproject management and can be selected as the best contractor to accomplish the project goals. The selection of contractors is challenging job for making sure that the project is finished within target time and budget and also constructed with high level of quality (Aragons-Beltrn et al, 2014). The focus is on handling the different selections which are multi-criteria. Through this, the recognition process is based on the different sets of alternatives that are able to work on the methods of assessment with certain selection based goals. The selection of right person for the project is highly advantageous and further avoids many types of risks that can be faced when a less capable contractor was awarded with the work. References Aminbakhsh, S., Gunduz, M., Sonmez, R. (2013). Safety risk assessment using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) during planning and budgeting of construction projects.Journal of safety research,46, 99-105. Aragons-Beltrn, P., Chaparro-Gonzlez, F., Pastor-Ferrando, J. P., Pla-Rubio, A. (2014). An AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)/ANP (Analytic Network Process)-based multi-criteria decision approach for the selection of solar-thermal power plant investment projects.Energy,66, 222-238. Al-Harbi, K. M. A. S. (2001). Application of the AHP in project management.International journal of project management,19(1), 19-27. Ranasinghe, G., Warusavitharana, E. (2011). Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in prequalifying contractors in decision making.

Shanghai free essay sample

Shanghai is the most populated city in the world with an immense population of 17. 8 million people. It is important because of its leading standing in media, finance and technology. In 2010 the city hosted the world expo, bringing itself to the attention of more people around the world. People from other parts of China and other countries come to Shanghai to pursue their goals. In the past two decades Shanghai has developed a new generation of talented youth, an imposing infrastructure and a prosperous economy. However at the same time the city is faced with many challenges. As Shanghai continues to advance and is branded with the name, the city of dreams China is seeing both the good and bad aspects of their development. Four-fifths of Shanghais population is between the ages of 15 and 64. They represent Chinas upcoming and talented people who are being successful in fields ranging from fashion and filmmaking to architecture. We will write a custom essay sample on Shanghai or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the documentary China Rises they explore the new opportunities available to the young people of Shanghai. They interview upcoming art director Ma Liang. He said: Back then when I was a teenager I could never imagine what I would be like when I hit 30. The way the country was going I couldnt see that there was any future for me. But now I am always dreaming. The change in economy has not only opened up different career choices for this generation but has also very much changed their lifestyle. They are now living a more cosmopolitan lifestyle, which is very similar to the lifestyle of someone living in Toronto. The media, shopping and urban way of life consume the young people of Shanghai like Torontonians. This way of life could have many beneficial effects towards Shanghais economy however it has also greatly changed the younger enerations views of cultural societal traditions. For example women are more hesitant to get married and have children. Also younger people no longer have deep connections to their families. The Shanghai of today boasts world-class architecture and is arguably the third largest city in the world, measured both by people and tall buildings. Apart from the mere scale of Shanghai, there is also the commercial and cultural development that has taken place over the last four years which has transformed parts of the city into looking more like Hong Kong circa 1990. One of the ost striking aspects of life in the new Shanghai is the ease with which one can get everything done. Want a Chinese mobile phone number? No problem, Just buy a prepaid sim-card. Activate it and three minutes later the phone is working. Want to get an Internet connection? No problem, Just go to the computer centre and buy a prepaid Internet connection account and start surfing. This can be done in English, a sign that Shanghai like Hong Kong, is going truly bilingual. Sitting on top of the 88th floor bar at the Grand Hyatt Shanghai, it strikes one that what is happening is that Shanghai is in fact copying Hong Kong in almost every facet. The main shopping boulevard, Huahai Zhong Road, has been turned around by Hong Kong property developers into one of Asias largest department store zones. Further down the road, Shanghai BMW sits next to Starbucks, where Yale educated Chinese MBAs working for McKinseys sip frappucinos and read one of the cities three English language daily newspapers. So, is Shanghai the new Hong Kong, a freewheeling seaport open to the riches ot a newly emergen t Chinese middle class and the West? Not quite. arder one looks for old Shanghai and its connections with British Hong Kong, the more one realizes the glory days of the past were perhaps less glorious and certainly more past than present. Shanghai was once the worlds only open city, requiring no visa to live there and no reference checks to do business. In fact, Shanghai is not so much the new Hong Kong as it is the new China. Westerners have only a vague idea of the nature of most Chinese cities. From television and film records, we know that these cities tend to be crowded, that they range from what appears to be exceedingly odern structures and designs to the traditional, often in the same city, and that there is some difference to be noted depending on what part of China a city occupies. We know that most Chinese cities do not come up to the level of Hong Kong, soon to be a Chinese city once more and standing as an economic success story the Chinese would like to emulate, though they would like to do so without allowing the freedoms that made this success possible in the first place. A comparison of two Chinese cities will show the variety and the differences that mark these cities. Shanghai is a name well known to the west even though most people have little idea what the city itself is like. Shanghai is a very modern city by Chinese standards. It started as a small fishing village on a tidal creek near the mouth of the Yangzi River, and it has been transformed into a cosmopolitan trading city since the late nineteenth century. It is the third largest city in the world and the largest in China. It is also Chinas biggest port and largest manufacturing base. Shanghais position at the mouth of the Yangzi was the reason it was given so much attention by traders from the West.

Mus Final free essay sample

If you would like to make a comment regarding this item, Section 1, Question 6 This excerpt demonstrates: Consonant harmonies that give a feeling of stability throughout How dissonant ironies create tension and instability throughout Mainly consonant harmonies disrupted by dissonance at the beginning of the passage Dissonant harmonies at the end of the passage Feedback Choice number 2: How dissonant harmonies create tension and instability throughout Correct!This excerpt demonstrates how dissonant harmonies create tension and instability. Section 1, Question 7 The Italian term for at ease is: Andante Allegro Adagio Moderator Answer Choice number 3: Adagio Feedback Correct. The Italian term for at ease is adagio. Section 1, Question 8 The composer of this excerpt is. .. Animus Bioethics Rounded Gallinule De Mach Guide terrazzo Answer Choice number 3: Gallinule De Mach Correct. The most likely composer of this excerpt would be Gallinule Feedback De Mach, the foremost composer of the fourteenth century.You heard the rich harmonic textures characteristic of his music. We will write a custom essay sample on Mus Final or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Section 1, Question 9 According to the text, composers of the Romantic period were reluctant to stray from the seven tones of the traditional scale (I. E. , A, B, C, D, E, F, G). True False Answer False Section 1, Question 10 Which of the following examples represents secular music? A. Example A Example B Example C Answer Choice number 3: Example C Correct! This is a secular piece, which you can recognize by its strong pulse and rhythmic drive.Section 1, Question 11 The following composition is a work by: A French troubadour A Collard scholar A German minnesinger Protting Answer Choice number 1: A French troubadour Correct! That is a piece by one of the most famous troubadours in medieval times: Bernard De Vendor (C. 1 13()-? ). Section 1, Question 12 Listen to the following example and select the genre that best defines it: Play String quartet Violin concerto Serenade Correct. That example came from Mozart Symphony No. 5 in G minor featured in the course.Section 1, Question 13 The composer pictured above, an international artist of Hungarian heritage, decided to become a technical wizard at the keyboard after hearing Paginating playing the violin. What is his name? Gamesman Lists Chopin Schumann Answer Choice number 2: Lists Correct! The answer is Lists, who in 1830 heard the phenomenal Feedback violinist Paginating, and decided that he would develop similar technical wizardry at the keyboard. Section 1, Question 14 Does the following excerpt feature more distinct, conjunct, or repeated tones? Play Repeated tonesDistinct Conjunct The excerpt features all three Answer Choice number 3: Conjunct Feedback Correct! The melody in this excerpt moves mainly in conjunct motion. If you would like to make a comment regarding this item, Section 1, Question 15 Which of the following were sacred genres in the Medieval period? Anthems and b alludes Masses and motets Scants firms and viral Organ and madrigals Ans wer Choice number 2: Masses and motets Correct. Masses and motets were sacred genres in the Medieval period. Section 1, Question 16 During the Romantic period, choral music enjoyed its highest popularity since the.

La Belle Epoque free essay sample

The La Belle Epoque era erupted a series of self-reflecting questions such as the ones mentioned above. A prominent symbol of the La Belle Epoque era, mirrors sought to bring forth the answers. Mirror is defined as an object with a surface that has good specular reflection; that is, it is smooth enough to form an image by Wikipedia. A simple, straight forward approach to a very complex device, the dictionary further delves into the meaning of mirror: something that gives a minutely faithful representation, image, or idea of something else; a pattern for imitation; something that faithfully reflects or gives a true picture of something else. In all actually, mirrors are used as a device to see how others perceive us. However, they are deceptive, misleading. Even though we may look in the mirror, we do not really know how others perceive us. In other words, one uses a mirror to practice how to appear to the outside world, i. We will write a custom essay sample on La Belle Epoque or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page e. facial expressions, smiles, posture, etc. It essentially enables us to learn about ourselves. Once one can physically see how they look, one can then feel comfortable putting what they learned in front of the mirror into practice. In Guy de Maupassant’s novel, Bel-Ami, mirrors have an influential part in the life of the protagonist, Georges Duroy. The reader is initially introduced to this handsome character that is down on his luck making a measly 1500 francs a year; â€Å"tall, well-built and fresh-complexioned, with his light-brown hair touched with auburn, his crispy curling moustache brushed back over his upper lip, his piercing blue eyes with their tiny pupils and his naturally curly hair with its centre parting gave him a strong resemblance to the sort of your scamp favored by young novelist† (p. 26). Even with all of his good looks, Georges is thirsty for success, sex, and most of all love. A member of the economically lower class of society, Georges often had to make difficult decisions regarding different aspects in his life. Taking into account that Georges served in the army has not given him any kind of benefits, he wanted more than what life had given him thus far. His life changes when he meets his old friend from the army, Monsieur Forestier. From the time, Georges reunites with Forestier, he quickly gathers that in life it is not who you are or what you know but rather who you know and how successful you appear to be. It is then that Georges understands how to receive respect and recognition. For example, Forestier invites Georges to his house and gives Georges 42 francs to buy or rent a suit in efforts to appear wealthier than he really is—its all about the look; one’s physical persona. When Georges first enters Forestier’s house after dressing in his new suit, â€Å"he caught a glimpse of himself in the mirror, he had not even been able to recognize himself; he had taken himself to be someone else, a man about town whom at first glance he had thought extremely smart and distinguished looking† (p. 44). Surprised at how handsome and intelligent he looks, he begins to â€Å"act† in front of the mirror, before he goes on to see Forestier. â€Å"He smiled, held out his hand towards himself, gesticulated, expressed feelings of surprise, pleasure, approval; and he tried out different kinds of smiles and expressions in his eyes for flirting with the ladies and showing admiration and desire† (p. 44). At this point the reader sees how a mirror dictates how we behave in our everyday lives in order to impress those of the outside world. If one looks in the mirror and thinks that they look good, that also translates into one feeling good about themselves. Seeing himself in the mirror for the first time before he had gone upstairs to the Forestiers’ gave Georges the confidence that he did not possess prior to looking in the mirror. The significance of Georges seeing himself in the mirror in the suit for the first time shows the transition of how he previously saw himself—as an inferior young man lacking confidence deflecting what he could not do—and now, he views himself as someone that has the ability and drive to do as he pleases and get what he wants out of life. Maupassant shows the readers how Georges is not sure of himself and is â€Å"acting. Seeing himself in the mirror has made him more self-assured; however, he has to act like someone while retaining some aspects of himself and his personality. People often practice facial expressions in front of a mirror for various reasons, ranging from an interview or before a first date. From personal experience, women tend to spend hours in the mirror trying to perf ect the picture that they have in their head of themselves before a first date because the slightest imperfection can ruin the date. This stresses how important appearance is in society. Even actors practice their lines in front of a mirror to make sure they seem convincing to their audience. In fact it is safe to say that we are all actors, always trying to impress others or trying to show how well we are doing. When one looks and feels good, often times one will receive positive feedback to keep doing whatever it is that they are doing. Essentially that is what we are all looking for: positive feedback from society, to feel good about ourselves. Mirrors also give people a sense of where they are going. In other words, mirrors can give us a wake-up call. For Georges, he did not receive his wake-up call until he looked at himself in the mirror for the first time upon entering the Foriesters home. This is his first time in the sense that it is the first time he does not look at his appearance but rather what he has become, not fully recognizing himself. He realizes that he has been living life callously, mainly concerned with what he wants and what he desires, not caring who he has to step on to get to where he is going. His wake-up call is a real eye-opener. Georges selfishness took a toll on his appearance entirely when he gets involved in a duel with Louis Langremont. Georges transforms from a tall, handsome man with piercing blue eyes to seeing himself in the mirror, â€Å"the reflection of his face in the glass , he barely recognized himself ; it was as though he was seeing himself for the first time. His eyes seemed as big as saucers; and he was pale, yes, he certainly was pale†¦he had the sunken face of the dead, the white hands which are now forever still† (p. 183). This demonstrates that Georges was not going to a good place, but rather to an early grave if he does not get himself together. Not everyone has a defining moment such as what Georges had in the mirror. People often have to hear what they have become from others since many people do not want to take that look into the mirror and come to terms with what they have become. This makes it all the more difficult to change. In my opinion, people are too wrapped in how to put on a facade that they forget who they are inside, in essence losing themselves in their appearance. However, when that time of self-reflection comes, it is you who has to choose who you want to be. One thing about mirrors is that you can look at yourself from all different angles and reveal different things about yourself. Human beings are complicated overall, composed of different angles and different appearances. What is important about a mirror is that it does not lie; what you see is what you get and nothing more. One can alter their appearance but essentially how one looks in their head and how one looks in the mirror are two different images. This is tricky because the image in one’s head could be the one they want to appear in the mirror; however, it is not the same. Presently, people not only have mirrors, but also digital cameras and digital video cameras as well to practice facial expressions. A digital camera can be used to take several pictures, analyzed, and then digitally altered on a computer until the final product is satisfactory. But in the end we are who we are. I believe that everything around us is a mirror. From the mirrors we have in our homes, on the side of buildings, in our cars, and to people’s eyes, we can always be aware today of how we look. Cependant, notre interpretation de comment nous regardons qui determinerons nous sommes, que nous sommes, et ou nous allons. Cest le cliche mais vrai : les yeux sont les miroirs de lame. We all need to look deeper and find our inner self.

Politics Of Displacement Essays - Guggenheim Fellows, Free Essays

Politics Of Displacement Essays - Guggenheim Fellows, Free Essays Politics Of Displacement Jean Elshtain, Chp.2 Democracy and the Politics of Displacement Response to Question 1: In the excerpted chapter titled Democracy and the Politics of Displacement, Jean Elshtain discusses the concept of politics of identity'. In discussing the politics of identity', Elshtain argues there is an emerging social phenomenon, wherein society is turning the private affairs of our lives into public discourse. The Western World has become a public pool, in which the information mediums and venues of society are overflowing with confessions and apologies. We have made the private affairs of our lives, into a booming business. Society has witnessed a proliferation of self - help groups, twelve- step' programs, anger management programs, television shows broadcasting a tell all' theme and Internet chat groups designed for people to post the confession and/or apology of the day. Inherently, it has not only become socially acceptable, but socially encouraged to air our dirty laundry. We are actively creating an Apologizing Society.' Elshtain argues that as the boundary separating the private and the public becomes increasingly hazed, a new social identity emerges. Elshtain argues that as this new social identity emerges, there arises a politics of identity.'Our social identity is no longer composed of differentiated spheres of human activity, but rather it has become a dichotomous social relationship involving those who are victims and those who are victimizers. Moreover, it is the quality or character of being a victim' that becomes public discourse. In turn, this quality of being a victim becomes an individual's primary or dominant identity: it defines their entire being. Through the process of class discussion, it was realized, that as the quality of being a victim enters the public lime- light, there emerges a social accumulation of victims and victimizers. The social accumulation of victims emerges as a result of two factors: 1) as the quality of being a victim becomes more public, it's definition and defining characteristics begin to broaden. Thereby, accumulating and embracing a variety of victims,'that otherwise, may never have come to view themselves as having been victimized; 2) as the definition of being a victim becomes more broad in the public sphere, it simultaneously becomes glorified and popularized. That is to say, society begins to credit a great deal of sympathy to, and focus a lot of attention on, those who have been victimized. As a result, a social phenomenon emerges, wherein everyone wants to be a victim.'As a final note, the social accumulation of victims continues, as some victims feel compelled to engage in the public service o f sharing their experience with the world. For example, we often hear victims injecting society with notions of victimization through injunctions such as, My experience will have served a purpose, if I can help one person to understand that they are not alone. Essentially, there is a collective engagement among victims, to accumulate' more victims. Response to Question #2: Elshtain argues that the politics of displacement' are essentially bound up in the politics of identity, as the private self become increasingly more public, and therefore, the public begins to displace' the private self within society. Moreover, Elshtain argues that the politics of displacement are circumvented by two paradoxical connections, wherein: 1) everything private becomes public and 2) everything public becomes private. Through the course of class discussion, it was realized, that although Elshtain argues that everything public become private, she does not mean this, in its literal sense. Elshtain, merely presents the paradox to create the necessary juxtaposition, in which her politics of displacement can be clearly articulated. For Elshtain, the politics of displacement remain emphatic of the increasing disappearance of the boundary separating the private from the public spheres of social life. Elshtain further argues, that the politics of displacement are increasingly cutting away the social space necessary for society to maintain conventional politics. Elshtain concedes, that conventional politics have now become bound up in the politics of displacement and inherently, the politics of identity. Hence, this new social identity of being a victim,'which was discussed in the above response, has increasingly billowed over into conventional politics. For example, conventional or traditional politics did not encourage politicians to disclose information and details about their personal life, in contemporary society, telling all'

Democracy Debate in Herodotus

Democracy Debate in Herodotus Herodotus, the Greek historian known as the Father of History, describes a debate on the three government types  (Herodotus III.80-82), in which proponents of each type tell whats wrong or right with democracy. 1. The monarchist  (supporter of rule by one person, be it a king, tyrant, dictator, or emperor) says freedom, one component of what we today think of as a democracy, can be given just as well by monarchs. 2. The oligarch  (supporter of rule by a few, especially the aristocracy but could also be the best educated) points out the inherent danger of democracy mob rule. 3. The pro-democracy speaker (supporter of rule by the citizens who in a direct democracy all vote on all issues) says in democracy magistrates are held accountable and are selected by lot; deliberation is made by the entire citizen body (optimally, according to Plato, 5040 adult males). Equality is the guiding principle of democracy. Read the three positions: Book III 80. When the tumult had subsided and more than five days had elapsed, those who had risen against the Magians began to take counsel about the general state, and there were spoken speeches which some of the  Hellenes  do not believe were really uttered, but spoken they were nevertheless. On the one hand Otanes urged that they should resign the government into the hands of the whole body of the Persians, and his words were as follows: To me, it seems best that no single one of us should henceforth be ruler, for that is neither pleasant nor profitable. Ye saw the insolent temper of Cambyses, to what lengths it went, and ye have had experience also of the insolence of the Magian: and how should the rule of one alone be a well-ordered thing, seeing that the monarch may do what he desires without rendering any account of his acts? Even the best of all men, if he were placed in this disposition, would be caused by it to change from his wonted disposition: for insolence is engendered in him by the good things which he possesses, and envy is implanted in man from the beginning; and having these two things, he has all vice: for he does many deeds of reckless wrong, partly moved by insolence proceeding from satiety, and partly by envy. And yet a despot at least ought to have been free from envy, seeing that he has all manner of good things. He is however naturally in just the opposite temper towards his subjects; for he grudges to the nobles that they should survive and live, but delights in the basest of citizens, and he is more ready than any other man to receive calumnies. Then of all things he is the most inconsistent; for if you express admiration of him moderately, he is offended that no very great court is paid to him, whereas if you pay court to him extravagantly, he is offended with you for being a flatterer. And the most important matter of all is that which I am about to say:he disturbs the customs handed down from our fathers, he is a ravisher of women, and he puts men to death without trial. On the other hand the rule of many has first a name attaching to it which is the fairest of all names, that is to say Equality; next, the multitude does none of those things which the monarch does: offices of stat e are exercised by lot, and the magistrates are compelled to render account of their action: and finally all matters of deliberation are referred to the public assembly. I therefore give as my opinion that we let monarchy go and increase the power of the multitude; for in the many is contained everything. 81. This was the opinion expressed by Otanes; but Megabyzos urged that they should entrust matters to the rule of a few, saying these words: That which Otanes said in opposition to a tyranny, let it be counted as said for me also, but in that which he said urging that we should make over the power to the multitude, he has missed the best counsel: for nothing is more senseless or insolent than a worthless crowd; and for men flying from the insolence of a despot to fall into that of unrestrained popular power, is by no means to be endured: for he, if he does anything, does it knowing what he does, but the people cannot even know; for how can that know which has neither been taught anything noble by others nor perceived anything of itself, but pushes on matters with violent impulse and without understanding, like a torrent stream? Rule of the people then let them adopt who are foes to the Persians; but let us choose a company of the best men, and to them attach the chief power; for in t he number of these we shall ourselves also be, and it is likely that the resolutions taken by the best men will be the best. 82. This was the opinion expressed by Megabyzos; and thirdly Dareios proceeded to declare his opinion, saying: To me it seems that in those things which Megabyzos said with regard to the multitude he spoke rightly, but in those which he said with regard to the rule of a few, not rightly: for whereas there are three things set before us, and each is supposed to be the best in its own kind, that is to say a good popular government, and the rule of a few, and thirdly the rule of one, I say that this last is by far superior to the others; for nothing better can be found than the rule of an individual man of the best kind; seeing that using the best judgment he would be guardian of the multitude without reproach; and resolutions directed against enemies would so best be kept secret. In an oligarchy however it happens often that many, while practising virtue with regard to the commonwealth, have strong private enmities arising among themselves; for as each man desires to be himself the lea der and to prevail in counsels, they come to great enmities with one another, whence arise factions among them, and out of the factions comes murder, and from murder results the rule of one man; and thus it is shown in this instance by how much that is the best. Again, when the people rules, it is impossible that corruption should not arise, and when corruption arises in the commonwealth, there arise among the corrupt men not enmities but strong ties of friendship: for they who are acting corruptly to the injury of the commonwealth put their heads together secretly to do so. And this continues so until at last some one takes the leadership of the people and stops the course of such men. By reason of this the man of whom I speak is admired by the people, and being so admired he suddenly appears as monarch. Thus he too furnishes herein an example to prove that the rule of one is the best thing. Finally, to sum up all in a single word, whence arose the liberty which we possess, and who gave it to us? Was it a gift of the people or of an oligarchy or of a monarch? I therefore am of opinion that we, having been set free by one man, should preserve that form of rule, and in other respects also that we should not annul the customs of our fathers w hich are ordered well; for that is not the better way. Source: Herodotus Book III

Run-on Sentences and Fragments in ACT English Grammar Rule

Run-on Sentences and Fragments in ACT English Grammar Rule SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You may think that of all the grammatical concepts you will encounter on the ACT English, recognizing a correct sentence will be one of the easiest ones. But did you know that this is actually one of themost commonly-tested subjects because it can bevery tricky? Do you know what you need to have in order to have a complete sentence? Can you reliably tell the difference between a subordinate clause and an independent clause? Do you know how to use semicolons and conjunctive adverbs? Read this guide to see how the ACT manages to trick so many students with this seemingly easy concept. In this guide I will show you: What grammatically constitutes a complete sentence How prepositional phrases, appositives and relativeclauses can make sentences more difficult to understand How to recognize and fix fragments How to recognize and fix run-on sentences Strategies to attack these kinds of questions Examples of this kind of ACT question Test Yourself Can you recognize which of the following are correct sentences, and which are fragments and run-ons? My dog, Angel, barksat squirrels in the front yard. Angel, who is part greyhound and part rottweiler. After owning Angel for eight years, we got another dog, her name was Elsa. Elsa, who is a puppy, does not enjoy taking baths. Although she hated taking a bath, but she loved playing in the rain. Elsa licking Angel all over her face. Angel would become angry. Because the puppy would never leave her alone, Angel, who would growl and snap at her. At first Angel avoided her, soon she started to enjoy the puppy's presence. Answers: 1. Sentence; 2. Fragment; 3. Run-on; 4. Sentence; 5. Fragment; 6. Fragment; 7. Sentence; 8. Fragment; 9. Run-on What Is a Sentence? You may have heard in your English class that a sentence needs to have a subject and a verb. More specifically, a correct, complete sentence has to have at least oneindependent clause. The ACT will not test you on any of the grammatical terms we cover, but understanding the ideas is important. A simple sentence made of oneindependent clause has three main characteristics: A subject (a person or thing that is doing an action) A verb that is correctly conjugated to match the noun It expresses a complete thought and makes sense on its own Let's look at one of the above sentences and see if it matches this description. My dog, Angel, barksat squirrels in the front yard. The subject - the person or thing doing the action - is "dog." The verb, or action word, is "barks." The verb is correctly conjugated in the 3rd person singular to match the subject of the sentence, my dog. If you wanted to, you could get rid of the rest of the sentence and it would still technically make sense! My dog barks. There are some rare circumstances in which you will see a complete, correct sentence where you cannot as easily pick out the subject:direct commands. Stop! Help! Give me an umbrella! Though you can easily spot the action words in these sentences, it's less clear what the subject is. In commands, thesubject is always understood to be "you." This is because you are always telling someone else what to do when you give a command! This is the only time that it's ok to have a sentence without a clear subject. The ACT will rarely test this, but it's good to know just in case. You now know everything you need to know about simple sentences! But did you know that sentences can also becompound orcomplex? Let's go over these concepts next to see how the ACT might try to trick you. Compound Sentences A compound sentence is a sentence that hasmore than one independent clause - meaning two subjects and two verbs. This kind of constructioncan start to get tricky, because you have to make sure that they're joined together correctly. If they aren't, they're calledrun-on sentences.We'll discuss these more below. There are several different ways that you can join independent clauses together correctly to make a compound sentence. Join the sentences with a comma and a coordinating conjunction Coordinating conjunctions are probably the conjunctions you're most familiar with, includingand, but,andor.You can remember all of them with the acronym FANBOYS: F for A and N nor B but O or Y yet S so As an example, let's look at the following independent clauses: Ben and Kate always enjoyed eating Chinese food. They began to prefer Japanese food after traveling to Japan. Here is how you could join these two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction: Ben and Kate always enjoyed eating Chinese food, butthey began to prefer Japanese food after traveling to Japan. Remember that when using a coordinating conjunction to join two sentences, you mustalways use a comma. Join the sentences with a semicolon A semicolon is grammatically identical to a period. As such, you canjoin two sentenceswith a semicolon and nothing else. Ben and Kate always enjoyed eating Chinese food; they began to prefer Japanese food after traveling to Japan. Join the sentences with a semicolon (or period) and conjunctive adverb. There are several different conjunctive adverbs, but some of the most common ones are: however, nevertheless, therefore, moreover, and consequently. You can pair one of these words with a semicolon or a period toshow the relationship between the two sentences you are joining. Notice that the different adverbs show different relationships. However and nevertheless show a contrast. Thereforeandconsequently show a cause-and-effect relationship. Moreover adds emphasis and expand on information. Ben and Kate always enjoyed eating Chinese food; however, they began to prefer Japanese food after travelingto Japan. Remember when using this construction that you shouldalways have a commaafter the conjunctive adverb. Make one of the sentences a dependent clause We will talk more about dependent clauses in a moment, but this is how this tactic would look: Though Ben and Kate had always enjoyed eating Chinese food, they began to prefer Japanese food after traveling to Japan. Once again, note that the dependent clause is separated from the main clauseby a comma. You will also often find that you need to add a word or two when using this method in order to have the sentence make more sense, or rearrange the order of the words. Because of the many variables involved, this approachcan be one of the more difficult options for joining two sentences together. Let's look more into how dependent clauses are formed and how they are used. Sentences with Dependent Clauses So what is the difference between an independent clause and a dependent clause? Unlike independent clauses, which can stand on their own, adependent clause must be attached to an independent clause. Though dependent clauses have asubject andverb, theydon't make sense on their own. Instead, a dependent clause is usually used toexplain something about the independent clause that it is attached to.The dependent clause may tell background details about the independent clause, or where or why the independent clause is happening. Dependent clauses will begin with asubordinating conjunction that gives you a signal that it cannot stand on its own. For more on subordinating conjunctions, see this article. Although he loved his country, he moved abroad to find new opportunities. In this example, the independent clause is "he moved abroad to find new opportunities." This is able to stand on its own and makes perfect sense without any more information. In contrast, look at the dependent clause, "Although he loved his country." This gives background informationfor the independent clause that follows, butit does not make sense on its own.The reader is left wonderingwhat did he do? Remember that if you encounter a dependent clause on its own on the ACT, it will always be incorrect. I will discuss this in more detail below in the "Fragments" section. Sentences with Prepositional Phrases, Appositives, and RelativeClauses Prepositional Phrases Prepositional phrases can be added almost anywhere in a sentence to add more detail about how, where, or by whom something is done. You can find a list of the most common prepositions in the English language in this article.A prepositional phrase consists of (at least) a preposition and a noun that's called the object of the preposition. Let's look at some examples of how these are used: The young manin that coffee shop enjoys eating cake. (Prepositional phrase tells where man is) The young man enjoys eating cakein that coffee shop.(Prepositional phrase tells where he likes to eat cake. Remember that you should always be able to completely delete a prepositional phrase and still have a full sentence left over. If you don't, then your sentence is incorrect! The young man enjoys eating cake. CORRECT Like a dependent clause, a prepositional phrasecannot stand alone as a sentence. In that coffee shop. INCORRECT RelativeClauses Some sentences also haverelativeclauses. These clausesaren't necessary for the sentence to make sense; instead, they add extra information. Non-essential clauses will begin with arelative pronoun, such asthat, which, whoseor where.Since they'reclauses, theyshould always includeasubject and a verb. Let's look at an example: The young man, who was sitting in the cafe and eating cake, dreamed of getting a PhD. In this sentence, the subject of the relativeclause is "who." The verb is "was sitting." Relativeclauses can be completely removed from the sentence and you'll still have a complete sentence left over. The young man dreamed of getting a PhD. Note that this means that if you remove the non-essential clause and something doesn't seem right with the remaining sentence, you have a fragment on your hands! I'll discuss this more below. Appositives An appositive is a word or phrase that consists ofa noun or a pronoun and its modifiers that is placeddirectly next to another noun or pronoun that it's describing. The point of an appositive is to add more information about a noun in a sentence. Appositives should be surrounded by commas. Jeff, the young man, sat in the cafe and ate cake while he studied. In this sentence, "the young man" is an appositive fodescribing the noun "Jeff." As you may have guessed,you should be able to remove an appositive and have a complete sentence left over. Jeff sat in the cafe and ate cake while he studied. But what if you cross out an appositive, prepositional phrase, or non-essential clause, and the sentence you have doesn't seem quite right? Now that we've learned the correct ways to form sentences, let's look at some of the most common mistake sentences you will see on the ACT -fragments. What Is a Fragment? A fragment is an incomplete sentence. There are 6 main mistakes that can make a sentence a fragment: A â€Å"sentence† that lacks a verb A â€Å"sentence† that has an -ingor non-past tense -ed verb without a helping verb A â€Å"sentence† that lack a subject A â€Å"sentence† that begins with a subordinating conjunction and has no main clause A â€Å"sentence† that adds details to the main clause, but is separated from it A â€Å"sentence† that has a nonessential clause or prepositional phrase and incomplete main clause Let's look at each of these individually. Sentences That Don't Have a Verb How to recognize these fragments:ask what the subject of the sentence is doing. If you can't answer that question, it's most likely because there isn't a verb! Lewis, after driving two hundred miles.What did he do? Two pairs of trousers and three shirts.What about them? On Saturday this week.What is on Saturday? How to fix these fragments:you must add a verb to show an action or a state of being. Lewis, after driving two hundred miles,neededa drink. Hepacked two pairs of trousers and three shirts. On Saturday this weekis the wedding. Sentences with an -ing verb or non-past tense -ed verb and no helping verb How to recognize these fragments:whenever you see an â€Å"-ing† verb, or an â€Å"-ed† verb that doesn’t seem to be describing the past tense, there MUST bea helping verb with it or another verb somewhere else in the sentence. If it has neither, the sentence is a fragment. The man driving through the countryside. Lewis tired from his journey. The children watching television. There are three waysto fix these fragments:add a helping verb, or change the verb to another form if it's appropriate. The manwas driving through the countryside. OR The mandrovethrough the countryside. Lewiswas tired from his journey. The childrenwere watching television. OR The childrenwatched television. You can also fix this type of fragment byusing the -ed or -ingword as a an adjective (called a participle) and adding another verb. The mandriving through the countryside enjoyed the views. Lewis,tiredfrom his journey,slept. The childrenwatching televisionlaughed. Sentences That Lack a Subject How to recognize these fragments:ask yourself who is doing the action. You may notice that some of these examples have multiple issues, like the ones mentioned above - in that case, it's important to make sure that you have fixedall of the errors in the sentence. Parked the car.Who parked the car? Wanted to visit the historic town center.Who wanted to visit it? Thinking about buying a gift for the wedding.Who was thinking about it? To fix these fragments,add a subject and make sure the verb is present in a correct form. Lewis parked the car. He wanted to visit the historic town center. He wasthinking about buying a gift for the wedding. Dependent Clause Fragments How to recognize these fragments: the sentence has a subject and correctly conjugated verb, but begins with a subordinating conjunction and isn't attached to another main clause. The following words are common subordinating conjunctions. If the sentence begins with one of these, make sure it's attached to an independent clause. If not, it's a fragment! after although as because before ever since if in order just as since so that though unless until when whenever where whether whereas whichever while Let's look at some examples of this errors: After he parked the car. Since he wanted to go to the carnival. Becausehe was late. One way to fix these fragments is toconnect them to an independent clause. After he parked the car,he went into the hotel. Since he wanted to go to the carnival, he took a day off work. Because he was late,he missed the first part of the movie. You can also fix them bygetting rid of the subordinating conjunction.This turns them intoindependent clauses that can stand on their own. He parked the car. He wanted to go to the carnival. He was late. Added Detail Fragments How to recognize these fragments: look for words like "such as," "including," and "for example" that start a sentence, but explain something in a previous sentence.If this kind of constructionisn't attached to an independent clause with asubjectand averb, then it's a fragment. He likes exploring new places.Such asold towns and big cities. She likes a lot of different kinds of movies.For example,horror and comedy. I know many different dances, such as: the salsa, the polka, and the waltz. In orderto fix these fragments,add the detail fragment to the main sentence it is describing. He likes exploring new places, such as old towns and big cities. You can also turn the fragment into a complete sentence by adding a subject and a verb: She likes a lot of different kinds of movies. For example, she enjoys both horror and comedies. Finally,make sure that anything that comes before a colon can stand on its own as a sentence: I know many different dances:the salsa, the polka, and the waltz. Non-essential clause, appositive, or prepositional phrase fragments How to recognize these fragments:cross out the non-essential clause, prepositional phrase, or appositive.Do you have a complete sentence left over? If not, you have afragment. James,my cousin.→James, my cousin. MISSING VERB On my head.→ On my head. MISSING SUBJECT AND VERB. The girl, who was the best artist in the class.→ The girl, who was the best artist in the class. MISSING VERB Julia, my younger sister.→ Julia, my younger sister. MISSING VERB How to fix these fragments: Add a subject or verb as needed. Make sure that if you eliminate the prepositional phrase or non-essential clause, that there is a complete sentence left. James, my cousin, ate the whole pie.→ James, my cousin, ate the whole pie. CORRECT The bird sat on my head.→ The bird sat on my head. CORRECT The girl, who was the best artist in the class, won another award.→ The girl, who was the best artist in the class, won another award. CORRECT Julia, my younger sister,lives in Idaho.→ Julia, my younger sister, lives in Idaho. CORRECT What Is a Run-on? A run-on is when two or more sentences run together and are not separated by the correct punctuation. There are three main types of run-ons: Comma splices Fused sentences Sentences joined by a conjunctive adverb and commas Comma Splices A comma splice is when two complete independent clauses (full sentences) have been joined together by a comma and nothing else. A comma can never join together two complete sentences on its own. He had worked for the government for several years, he now wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. How to recognize these run-ons: when you see a sentence with a comma in the middle, check to see if there is a coordinating conjunction (see this article for more info) that joins the sentences together, or if one of the clauses is a subordinate clause that begins with a subordinating conjunction. If not, the sentence is a run-on. Fused sentences A fused sentence is when two or more sentences run right into each other, with no punctuation at all. He had worked for the government for several years he now wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. How to recognize these run-ons: look to see if you have two unconnected subjects and verbs, with no indication of more than one independent clause (see above the correct ways to join two independent clauses). Conjunctive adverb and a comma The final type of run-on is a bit trickier. Conjunctive adverbs are used with periods or semicolons to connect two independent clauses, so if they're paired with two commas instead, it creates a run-on: He had worked for the government for several years, however, now he wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. However, conjunctive adverbs that are connecting two complete sentences punctuated with a period or semicolon are sometimes moved into a sentence. This is perfectly acceptable: He had worked for the government for several years. Now, however, he wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. How to recognize these run-ons: when you see a conjunctive adverb (however, moreover, nevertheless, therefore, consequently, etc.) withcommas on either side of it,make sure it's being used to transition from a previous sentence and not to connect two independent clauses. To fix run-ons ...you will need to use the rules outlined in the first sectionto correctly join two sentences. #1: Create two separate sentences. He had worked for the government for several years. He now wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. #2: Use a comma and a FANBOYSconjunction He had worked for the government for several years, but he now wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. #3: Use a semicolon Remember that a semicolonis grammatically identical to a period -this concept is something the ACT tests a lot. He had worked for the government for several years; he now wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. #4: Use a semicolon and a conjunctive adverb He had worked for the government for several years; however, he now wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. #5: Make one of the clauses dependent Althoughhe had worked for the government for several years, he now wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. #6: If the two clauses have the same subject, re-write as a sentence with one subject and two verbs. Note that when you fix a sentence this way, you should notuse a comma with your FANBOYS conjunction. He had worked for the government for several years but now wanted to try a job in a small start-up company. Specific Strategies for Fragment and Run-onQuestions As you're reading through the different passages on ACT English, if you come across a question that you think may be about fragments or run-ons,use the following steps: Step 1 Carefully read the prompt if there is one. Sometimes the ACT will ask you to correct an error, and other times they will ask you to find the only answer that does NOT work. Step 2 After reading the sentence, does a mistake jump out at you? If not, look for the following telltale signs of a fragment or run-on: -ed or -ing verbs. Check for appropriate helping verbs. Clause that begins with a subordinating conjunction. Check if it is connected to a main clause. A separate sentence describing a previous sentence, with words like â€Å"for example.† Conjunctive adverbs like â€Å"however† surrounded by commas A semicolon followed by a FANBOYSconjunction A single comma in the middle of the sentence - often a sign of comma splice According to the ACT, not all mistakes are created equal.There are a few concepts they like to test more than others, andthey have some obvious markers. If the underlined section has acolon or semicolon, be on the lookout for afragment on either side. If the underlined section has acomma, it will very likely be acomma splice. Immediately cross out any answer choices that make the above errors. Step 3 If you are still uncertain about the correct answer: you can immediately eliminate anything that is grammatically identical. For example, a semicolon (;) is grammatically identical to a period and a new sentence. If one is incorrect, they will both be incorrect. Step 4 Select a final answer choice that follows the above rules and also follows the standard style rules used on ACT English: #1: No unnecessary prepositions or articles#2: Pronouns must have clear antecedents#3: Use fewer gerunds and participles if possible#4: No dangling or misplaced modifiers#5: No unnecessary commas#6: Choose the most concise option that is also grammatically correct. Old school...literally Let’s try one together†¦ Benjamin’s grandmother taught him to read, and he attended a one-room Quaker school when the farmwork slowed down during the winter. Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable? read; he read, and he also read he read. He From reading the prompt, I can see that the given sentence is correct as is, and so are three of the answer choices. This is a â€Å"backwards† question that asks us to find the only incorrect answer instead of the only correct one. I can see that there is a comma in the underlined portion, so I need to see how it’s being used. It’s pretty obvious that the comma is being used together with the FANBOYS conjunction â€Å"and." This is one of the correct ways of joining two independent clauses, as detailed above. From double checking I can see that I have two independent clauses with their own subjects and verbs: â€Å"Benjamin’s grandmother taught him to read† and â€Å"he attended a one-room Quaker school when the farmwork slowed down during the winter.† So which of the answer options also show correct ways to join two independent clauses? (A) has the independent clauses joined by a semicolon on its own. This is a correct way to join two independent clauses, so (A) is not the answer. (B) joins the two independent clauses together in the same way that the original sentence does, with a comma and a FANBOYS conjunction. The only thing that is different is that it adds an extra adverb, â€Å"also," which is unnecessary but not incorrect. (C) does not do anything to join the two clauses together - this is a classic example of a â€Å"fused† run-on sentence. Therefore, (C) is the correct answer as it is the only option that does not join the clauses together correctly. But what if you aren’t sure? Just to check†¦ (D) separates the two independent clauses with a period, which is another correct way of dividing two independent clauses, so (D) is not the answer. Now time to try some on your own! Practice ACT Questions 1. Joe realized the extent of the problem when his manager, Diane Watson, who had collated the material from the committee members present at the conference, began muttering, "It's all over now," this made him worry. NO CHANGE now" that now." This now," 2. The product manufacturer begins by creating a flexible steel grate. Across each opening, a wire mesh, evenly perforated, able to accommodate exactly one hook. NO CHANGE perforated, by being able perforated, which is able perforated, is able 3. It is a tribal dance that performed at weddings, births, and funerals. NO CHANGE dance in which it is performed dance, performing dance, performed 4. Around this time, the Glagolitic alphabet introduced by St. Cyril; became further integrated into the culture. NO CHANGE St. Cyril St. Cyril: St. Cyril, 5. To ensure the safetyof the drug, the pharmaceutical company had it tested in several trials, however, they found no evidence of averse side effects. NO CHANGE which who he 6. Peter the Great, who founded St. Petersburg to be Russia's "window to the West" and indirectly named the city after himself. NO CHANGE West," indirectly naming West," indirectly named West" and Answers: 1. C; 2. D; 3. D; 4. B; 5. B; 6. C What’s Next? Now that you’ve mastered one of the trickiest concepts on ACT English, time to check out some others! Read about how the ACT will test you on pronoun agreement, punctuation, and wordiness and redundancy. Need to review some of the basics before moving forward? Brush up on the fundamentals of grammar with our parts of speech guide. Want to make sure you have the right method of attack for this section? Read our guide about the best way to approach ACT English questions. Aiming high? Read this article for top tips for a 36 on ACT English from a perfect scorer. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this English lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Types of Human Cloning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Types of Human Cloning - Research Paper Example During the period of 2006, FDA approved the use of cloned products such as plants and animals for the dietary purpose of individuals living in the US. Human cloning is a term used to define the creation of a genetically similar copy of a human being (MacKinnon 9). In this research the focus will not be cloning of animals and plants, rather the focus will be on human cloning, types of human cloning and the advantages and disadvantages associated with it. Reproductive cloning is one form of human cloning which is used to produce one or more than one individuals who are genetically identical to each other. During the period of the 1990s, the process of reproductive cloning was utilized in order to create identical clones of mammals such as sheep and pigs and one of the most famous examples of this activity was the production of Dolly (MacKinnon 56). Later several countries started banning the process in order to put a stop to the process of reproductive cloning for human beings. Another form of human cloning is DNA cloning which is even regarded as molecular cloning or cloning of the gene or recombinant DNA technology which is used to refer to the procedure through which multiple replicas of an individual fragment of DNA is created (MacKinnon 139). This kind of cloning can be conducted in several forms, for example, cloning of entire fragment of the gene can be conducted or a portion of the fragment of the DNA can be cloned or certain sequences of the DNA can be cloned. There are four steps involved in the process of DNA cloning, these include, fragmentation in which string of DNA is divided, the next step is the ligation part in which different parts of DNA are glued together in a sequence that is desirable, the third step is recognized as transfection, in this step the newly created DNA is inserted into cells and the last step is recognized as selection in which those cells that were transfected successfully with the DNA are selected (MacKinnon 116).

I will upload the artical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

I will upload the artical - Essay Example On the other hand, MM-GBSA is normally used in the computation of the free binding energy differences between the bound and the unbound states of solvated molecules. This paper seeks to critically discuss the MM-GB (PB) SA methods and their potential applications There are a number of alternative and competing methods to MM-GB (PB) some of which include free energy perturbation (FEP), multi-state Bennett acceptance ratio (MBAR) and thermodynamic integration (TI) among others [1]. Many people use these alternative methods due to their computational accuracy. However, compared to the other methods, MM-GBSA and MM-PBSA methods are more computationally efficient molecular modeling algorithms that are potentially quite useful in drug design particularly with regard to ranking drug binding affinity. Drug binding affinity ranking is critically important in computer aided drug design where it is normally used to facilitate the efficiency and accuracy of the routine identification of the possible candidates. This is particularly critical during the early stage stages of drug discovery [1]. Generally, Implicit solvents addresses the problem by representing solvent as a continuous medium as opposed to individual â€Å"explicit† solvent molecules in order to estimate free energy of solute-solvent interactions in structural and chemical processes some of which often include folding and conformational transitions of proteins. This can significantly help in the estimation of the contribution of each residue to the overall protein-ligand/protein binding; thereby helping in the identification of mutations that can potentially enhance the binding affinities of the protein complex. A number of previous researches have explored the potential reliability of using MM-GB(PB)SA in estimating ligand binding affinities of a series of structurally diverse inhibitors. On the other hand,

Drug and crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Drug and crime - Essay Example These individuals consider as normal vices what their counterparts in the normal society consider as abomination. After locating them and doing the study, it is impossible for a researcher to know if the data from the sample is representative of all the parameters of the population. This is because the official numbers of the people in the drug related issues is unknown (Tanneeru 2011). There are various methods of collecting data related to drug manufacture, distribution, usage and abuse activity as explained by Coomber (1997). First, the researcher may collect data from official records e.g. police reports and treatment records. However, these data sources have their limitations, mostly due to the tendency of the hidden population to keep matters to themselves. For instance, they do not report criminal activity or conflicts among members and, therefore, data collected from police reports do not reflect the real situation, only accounting for few of the cases of drug use and drug related crimes. One outstanding characteristic of the data from police and that collected from treatment records is that the information only covers drug use cases that cause disruption of normal social function and not mild or non-chronic drug users. In addition, collecting treatment data may compromise the profession and ethical codes that ensure patient-doctor confidentiality. Another source of data on drug use is surveys and questionnaires, where researchers find the sample of interest and administer questionnaires among other primary data collection measures. This method has the advantage of the possibility of many people participating in the study, though it is also tedious and time-consuming. Since most drug users keep a low profile and hardly participate in public life, it is difficult to identify and impossible to know the total number of drug users. Therefore, data collected this way may not be representative of the drug-using population since researchers

Computer-Mediated Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Computer-Mediated Communication - Essay Example Out of hundreds of SNSs, some of the most popular examples of this form of CMC include MySpace, Facebook, and Twitter which have become an integral part of daily practices for people around the world. Basically, the aim of this paper is to contemplate the efficacy and significance of SNSs as they form a very important example of CMC and then apply course concepts like online self-disclosure and disembodiment to them so as to explain how CMC functions or relates with the course concepts through SNSs. As mentioned above, SNSs support a variety of public interests and service like information sharing and networking as a result of which CMC has been made a lot easier on many levels. While some of such sites cater to a particular group of people who share same cultural or regional background, most sites typically cater to the needs of diverse audiences. In addition to this feature, there exists a difference in the way various information and communication tools are incorporated in differe nt sites as all SNSs do not offer the facility of online blogging or instant video/image sharing. One of the most interesting features of this example of CMC is that not only people who are already connected outside the computer world can take advantage of the facilities offered by such sites, but strangers are also facilitated a lot as most sites support them much in connecting easily based on similar set of interests and shared political, racial, or education views (Boyd and Ellison). Though SNSs imply the concept of networking hugely yet researchers suggest that this alone could not be considered as a solo feature which helps differentiating SNSs from other mediums of CMC like blogs and social support sites. This is because networking is neither the sole service nor the sole purpose of most of such sites rather educational and business purposes also remain significant. Though a lot of connections are made between people by this medium of CMC which might not be made otherwise, yet that could not be classified as the sole goal of SNSs. â€Å"What makes social network sites unique is not that they allow individuals to meet strangers, but rather that they enable users to articulate and make visible their social networks† (Boyd and Ellison). A lot of business deals and transactions are finalized online by using such sites for enhancing communication between parties from opposite ends of the world. Similarly, this forms a great means of CMC also because education is made a lot easier as owing to many lectures offered online by expert teachers, one does not necessarily have to attend colleges on a full-time basis now. Many academic and industry researchers have written a lot in the past years concerning the wide range of academic and social advantages offered by SNSs. These sites are capable of addressing many interests of the public when it comes to communication by using effective and handy communication tools like online blogging, mobile connectivity, an d video/image sharing. In addition to that, there are certain course concepts like online self-disclosure, disembodiment, and privacy management which help much in further understanding the significance of CMC. Anonymity and self-disclosure on weblogs creates much excitement for the bloggers online. This is because people can open up about their

Was the modernist architect becoming too authoritarian and dogmatic Research Paper

Was the modernist architect becoming too authoritarian and dogmatic - Research Paper Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that architects in the 20th century chose to enhance authoritarian social relations, sought to enhance social control in general and their proportion of social change in specific, and embraced many dogmas to enhance their professional importance. While architecture must use advanced mathematics to construct a building, and certainly architecture is artistic insofar as it is representative of a society's preferences for spaces and is a statement of intent or design on the part of a person, architecture itself must be defined socially in a particular fashion. â€Å"[W]hat characterizes architecture today is its capacity to be studied as a system of significations that establishes different levels and layers of meanings and sense and constitutes one of the symbolic spheres instituted by society†. Hays argues that since 1968, architecture is a â€Å"technical-ideological practice†. As a consequence of this, Hays concludes that it is absurd to call any individual architect or even architecture as a whole â€Å"hermetic† or â€Å"elitist† or authoritarian because it is like calling rain wet: Architecture as an institution is a collective arranging of power as a technical-ideological collective. But architecture, unlike other areas where there is a monopoly of technical power being exerted, must be brought under special criticism because its designs move into the public realm. These are two immensely different concepts. To use a political analogy: Clearly, decisions must be made, but when those decisions are made by one person, it becomes authoritarian. The model of the architect as artist is thus structurally and intrinsically authoritarian, because the idea is that the architect's vision as to how to implement stakeholder needs is implemented and other people in the chain such as customers and workers are irrelevant. Each worker, each customer, each visitor, each policy-maker brings their own touc h to the art that is the final building, sometimes a vital one. The architect tries to form order out of chaos, a chaos that it assumes into existence but has no independent reality, just like all other authoritarians, and does so by trying to make it so that others in the process merely carry out orders and directives or by managing their perturbations and deviations from his ideal vision. Doesn't this mean all art is authoritarian? There is a truth to that, but the authoritarian nature of the self is also called â€Å"autonomy†. When a painter is authoritarian about their process, they are committing no great wrong. They are the only person directly involved, and a customer is free to accept or reject their painting. But architects are far from this. An architect will build public spaces that must be used by people who had no direct veto power or influence into the style being built. This becomes especially true when one considers the idea of artistic spaces being imposed u pon people because they are artistic, to enrich the philistine. This attitude is fundamentally elitist: If most people don't care about artistic spaces, then imposing that onto them is anti-democratic.